The Nature of Language

Basically, the language has certain functions that are commonly used individual or group .. As a communication tool, as delivery idea, and as a means of adapting to the environment and situation.
impact of globalization is evident in the development and growth of language as a means of supporting the growth and technology. In the era of globalization, the language would not want to take part in the free competition, both in the fields of education, politics, economics, and communication. concepts and new terminology in the growth and development of science and technology (Science) indirectly enrich the language itself.
Therefore, we need to know the properties of these languages, so that not only can use it, but also know the nature of language itself. So we can tell which language is good and not good.
According Harimurti Kridalaksana, "Language is a system of arbitrary sound symbol used by the members of the social group to collaborate, communicate, and identify themselves," from the definition that we get some of the essential characteristics or properties of the language. Trait or traits, among others, are:
1. Language is a system
2. Language tangible symbol
3. Language in the form of sound
4. Language is the arbiter
5. Language is meaningful
6. Language is conventional
7. Language is unique
8. Language is universal
9. The language varies
10. Language is productive
11. Language is dynamic
12. Language serves as a tool of social interaction
13. Language is the identity of the speakers

1. Language as a system
As a system, the language is at once systematic and systemic. With systemic, that is, the language is composed by a pattern: not arranged randomly, arbitrarily. While systemic, that is, the language is not a single system, but also consists of
2. Language as a symbol
Language as a symbol, in which there is a sign, signal, symptom, gestures, code, index, and icons. The symbol itself is often equated with the symbol. Thus, the language has a symbolic meaning as a symbol to convey the message to other people. It serves to highlight the language that would be submitted.

3. Language is sound
Often we can not distinguish between noise and sound. Technically, according to Kridalaksana (1983:27) suggests the sound is the nerve center as a result of vibration of the eardrum reacts due to changes in air pressure.
Uajaran language sounds or sounds (speech sound) is a unit of sound generated by the appliance man said that in the phonetic observed as "fon" and in phonemic as "phonemes".
4. Language is meaningful
Language as something meaningful symbol closely associated with the sound system. Therefore language is denoted by an understanding, a concept, an idea, or a thought, that would be submitted through a form of sound, it can be said that language has meaning. Coat meaningful sounds of language, in the form of language units tangible language morphemes, words, phrases, clauses, sentences, and discourse.
5. The language is arbitrary
the language is arbitrary means changeable, not fixed. What is meant by the term arbiter is no necessary connection between the symbol of the language (in the form of sound) with a concept or notion is meant by these symbols. It serves to facilitate people in linguistic action.

6. Conventional language
This means that all members of the Conference on languages that comply with that particular symbol is used to represent the concept it represents. So if kearbiteran lambng language on the relationship between sound-symbol with the concept that it represents, then kekonfensionalan language lies in the adherence of the speakers to use the symbol in accordance with the concept that it represents.
7. Language is productive
Productivity language very quickly, every day will definitely bring out a new language, that is, although the elements of the language was limited, but the number of finite elements contained units that are not limited to language.

8. Language is unique
Unique means that have specific characteristics that are not owned by the other. Then, if the language is said to be unique. it means that, every language has its own characteristics not shared by other languages. Characteristic of this can be related to the sound system, the system pembetukkan word, sentence formation systems, or other systems. Bersfiat unique language serves to distinguish between the language of the other language.
9. Universal language
Sounds of language consists of Vocals and consonan, many languages and vocal number of different consonants. As an example of Indonesian sound has five vocals are a, i, u, e, o, whereas Arabic has three vocal sound is a I u. The proof of the universality of the language is that every language has units of meaningful language, either unit maknany words, phrases, clauses, sentences, and discourse. However, how the units were formed may not be the same.
10. Language is dynamic
As time, human development, language will also grow, because language can not be separated from a civilized human beings and society, no human activity that is not accompanied by the language. In fact, the dream of any human language.
11. The language varies
In a society typically consisting of a variety of cultures are not equal. It is a huge trigger for the development of language. Children's language will be different from the language mountain children living around the coast, this indicates that the language varies. Regarding language variations are five terms you need to know, that idiolek, dialect, and kronolek, sosiolek and fungsiolek.

12. Language is human
Humans are often touted as being a thinking, social creatures, creature creator tools as well as rational creatures beerakal favor. So obviously, with all its advantages, people can do whatever he wants, and through language, people can convey what he wants to say. It can therefore be concluded that human communication tool whose name the language, is to be human, in the sense of humans and can only be used by humans.
13. Language as a tool of social interakasi
It is clear that human beings can not be separated by language, as human beings need social interaction with their environment, and the interaction was not likely to happen without language.
14. Language as an identity
Language can also be a user identity language. This is due to the language is also a reflection of one's attitude in interactions. As a self-identity, the language will be the language user character pointer.

Definition of Linguistics, Language, and The Origin of Language

Linguistic derived from the Latin "lingua" meaning language, the French language "langage-langue", Italian "lingua", Spanish "lengua" and English "language". While the suffix "ics" in linguistics serves to indicate the name of a science.

Many linguistic experts define, among others:
> Jurji Zaidan, defines linguistics as a science that investigates the language of the written and non-written.
> Saiful Mu'minin, Imam, define Linguistics as a science that discusses the language of the various sides.
> King T. Nasr (1984) Linguistics deals with human language as universal and recognizable part of human behavior and human capabilities.
> BLOOMFIELD (1933: 20-34), Linguistics is a science (science), as well as physics and chemistry is a science.
> MATTHEWS, Linguistics is defined as the science of language or the scientific study of language
 
Of the various definitions of the experts above, it can be concluded that the Linguistic is a basis for the scientific study of human language from various aspects, including sounds, words and grammar rules bahasannya, or can be defined as the study of language, and make the language as an object of study.
What is language?
Language is a tool to convey information, ideas, concepts or feeling that comes to the heart, in the sense of the word as a means of conveying something.
There are various definitions of language according to the experts, including:
1. PLATO, language is essentially a statement of one's mind by means onomata (name objects or something) and rhemata (speech), which is a reflection of the idea of ​​someone in the flow of air through the mouth.
2. Harimurti Kridalaksana, 1993:21, Language is a symbol system sounds an arbitrary language that allows people to work together, interact, and identify.
3. WILLIAM A. Haviland, Language is a system of sounds that when combined according to certain rules pose meanings can be captured by all the people who speak the language
4. Wittgenstein, Language is a form of thinking that can be understood, in touch with reality, and has the form and structure of logical
5. According Wibowo (2001:3), language is a system of symbols that are meaningful and articulate sound (generated by said tool) that are arbitrary and conventional, which is used as a means of communication by a group of men to give birth to feelings and thoughts.
In the study of linguistics, language is defined as a system of spoken or written symbols that human beings as a means of communication in the form of sound. There is a language called English, Indonesian, Portuguese, and others. This language is based on relationships formed in the absence of advance planning, and the subsequent development of named and default, also sometimes formed.
Language is a system, which means the language formed by the various components of the irregular and fixed.

The system language is made up of sound symbols, which symbols represent a concept or meaning. As a symbol of the language that reads "mango", epitomizes the meaning of "something that can be used as a meal or a drink."

Function of language
The main function of language is as a communication tool, or a means to convey information, thoughts, or feelings gasasan.
Language also serves to:
1. Interaction in daily life
2. Aesthetically satisfying their people through beautiful words.
3. The tool expands other pengentahuan

In fact, even today the origin of human language is becoming a topic of scholarly discussion of the scientists. One of the problems that make it difficult topic to study is the lack of concrete evidence. As a result, scientists who want to study the origins of language must draw conclusions from the evidence such as the fossil record or from archaeological evidence, from contemporary linguistic diversity, from the study of language acquisition, and from a comparison between human language and communication systems that exist among animals others, especially other primates.
 

There are many language origins several hypotheses are:

Hypothesis 'mother tongue' in the proposed in 2004 by W. Tecumseh Fitch. Fitch stated that language evolved initially as a communication between the mother and her biological offspring (children).

In 1861, the historian linguist Max Müller published a list of speculative theories about the origin of language:
• Bow-wow. Theory bow-wow or a cuckoo, which Muller atribusikan the German philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder, see the words started as imitations of the cries of wild animals or birds.
• Pooh-pooh. Theory of Pooh-Pooh saw first words as shouts and interjection triggered by emotional pain, happy, surprised, and others.
• Ding-dong. Müller suggests what he calls the theory of Ding-Dong, which states that all creatures have a natural resonant vibrations, words echoed by humans in some way initially.
• Yo-he-ho. Theory yo-he-ho to see the language emerging from cooperation activities regularly, attempt to synchronize the muscle produces a sound that 'drew' interchangeably with sound like a ho.
• Ta-ta. This theory is not in the list of Max Müller, but raised by Sir Richard Paget in 1930 According to the theory of ta-ta, the first man to make words by moving the tongue that mimics the movement manually, making it sound muted.

(Source: http://pandora.cii.wwu.edu/vajda/ling201/test1materials/origin_of_language.htm)
The results of a study reported diScience Magazine menggungkapkan 15 April 2011, that the language used by the first humans came from South Africa. From this language then spread throughout the world. Researchers from the University of Auckland, New Zealand, Quentin Atkinson, a study by tracing the track record by breaking 504 languages ​​language into the smallest components called phonemes.

 
The conclusion from these studies is that the more distant group of humans ventured out of Africa in the track record of its history, the fewer phonemes used in their language. This means that, as predicted in the study, the languages ​​in South America and the Pacific Islands have the fewest phonemes, whereas in African languages ​​have phonemes most. (Source, Kompas.com)

So his conclusion, to date, the origin of the language has not been established presence. The hypothesis "is already known, it was only by a few people who tried to broaden the use of research.

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Sejarah Pulau Atlantis

Atlantis atau yang biasa disebut Atlantika merupakan suatu pulau legendaris yang pertama kali disebut oleh Plato dalam buku dua bukunya yaitu Timaeus dan Critias.

Berdasarkan catatan dari plato Atlantis terhampar "di seberang pilar-pilar Herkules", dan mempunyai angkatan laut yang berhasil menaklukan Eropa Barat dan Afrika 9.000 tahun sebelum waktu Solon, atau sekitar tahun 9500 SM. Setelah gagal menyerang Yunani, Atlantis tenggelam ke dalam samudra "hanya dalam waktu satu hari satu malam".
Atlantis umumnya dianggap sebagai mitos yang dibuat oleh Plato untuk mengilustrasikan teori politik. Meskipun fungsi cerita Atlantis terlihat jelas oleh kebanyakan ahli, mereka memperdebatkan apakah dan seberapa banyak catatan Plato diilhami oleh tradisi yang lebih tua. Beberapa ahli mengatakan bahwa Plato menggambarkan kejadian yang telah berlalu, seperti letusan Thera atau perang Troya, sementara lainnya menyatakan bahwa ia terinspirasi dari peristiwa kontemporer seperti hancurnya Helike tahun 373 SM atau gagalnya invasi Athena ke Sisilia tahun 415-413 SM.(source:id.wikipedia.org)

Di era klasik pulau atlantis yang hilang ini sering dibicarakan, tetapi sebagian dari mereka tidak mempercayainya dan terkadang menjadikannya bahan lelucon. Kisah Atlantis kurang diketahui pada Abad Pertengahan, namun, pada era modern, cerita mengenai Atlantis ditemukan kembali. Dan sekarang sedang ramai dibicarakan bahwa Indonesia merupakan bagian dari pulau atau kota atlantis yang hilang.